Jacob Cats, Spiegel (The Hague, 1632)

Il n'est pas libre qui traine son licolFrench
He is not free who drags his halter behind him.AI-generated
Within an oval border set in a square frame with decorative corner spandrels, a large horse gallops to the right across an open field, its mane and tail flying. A small man in armour with a plumed helmet, holding the end of the halter rope, is dragged along beside and partly beneath the horse, his legs trailing on the ground; his body hangs against the horse's flank and chest. In the background is a low horizon with a distant town skyline on the left and water with small sails on the right; birds fly in the cloudy sky. At the bottom of the frame hangs an empty ribbon-banderole.

Het peert spreeckt Al ben ick heden los, al schijn ick ongedwongen, Al loop ick in het velt, en make vrye sprongen; Soo ben ick even wel niet buyten slaverny, Vermits ick noch een slaef sie loopen achter my; Ick voele noch een deel van mijne banden slepen, Dies ben ick in gevaer om haest te zijn gegrepen, Want soo hy, die my volgt, hier op maer eens en trat, Soo waer ick wederom (gelijck als eerst) gevat; Soo waer ick meer als oyt geschapen om te lijden, En wie en souder niet op mijne leden rijden? Ach! wien noch eenigh jock ontrent de leden hangt, Die sleept dat hem bederft, en dat hem weder vangt. Maer, vrienden, die het peert aldus mocht hooren spreken, En hangt niet aen het dier, maer let op u gebreken, De muyl-bant is het Vlees, en 'tpeert, een moedigh beest, Dat is in dese prent een af-beelt van den Geest; Heeft yemant rechten lust om van de droeve sonden Niet meer te zijn geboeyt, niet meer te zijn gebonden, Die breecke t'eenemael haer ongeluckigh zeel, En dat van alle kant, en tot het minste deel: Want soo u slap beleydt wil yet hier in verschoonen, Het quaet, dat over-blijft, sal wis sijn meester loonen; Een die sijn banden sleept, al schijnt hy los te zijn, Raeckt licht (eer hy het meynt) al weder inde pijn.
The horse speaks: Although I am loose today, although I seem unconstrained, although I run in the field and make free leaps, yet I am nevertheless not outside of slavery, since I still see a slave running behind me; I still feel a part of my bonds dragging along, so I am in danger of soon being seized, for if he who follows me should but once tread on this, I would again (just as at first) be caught; then I would be more than ever made to suffer, and who would not ride upon my limbs? Ah! whoever still has any yoke hanging about his limbs drags along what ruins him and what catches him again. But, friends, you who might thus hear the horse speak, do not dwell on the animal, but attend to your own faults: the muzzle-band is the Flesh, and the horse, a spirited beast, that in this print is an image of the Spirit; if anyone has a true desire no longer to be shackled, no longer to be bound, by woeful sins, let him break utterly their unhappy rope, and that on every side, down to the smallest part: for if your slack management wishes to spare anything here, the evil that remains will surely reward its master; and one who drags his bonds, though he seems to be loose, easily comes (before he means to) back into the pain again.
Il n'est pas libre, qui traine son licol.
He is not free who drags his halter behind him.
Is mihi servus erit, ne jactet libera colla Si cuiquam à tergo trahitur pars magna catenæ.
That man shall be a slave to me; let him not boast of a free neck, if for anyone a great part of the chain is dragged behind him.
Die Godt wil dienen / dien moetet ernst zijn.
He who will serve God must be in earnest about it.
Van't onkruyt dient niet het looff alleen / maer de wortel uyt-getogen.
Of the weed not only the foliage must be pulled out, but the root.
De geest seydt niet / Wont / maer doot u aertsche leden / geeft my mijn sone u herte etc.
The Spirit does not say, Wound, but kill your earthly members; give me, my son, your heart, etc.
Een, dien het opperste gebiedt van eenige stadt bevolen is, so hy koomt te vernemen datter acht ofte thien verraders binnen de stadt zijn, plach hy sich gerust te stellen als hy vijf ofte ses vande selve bekomen en in hechtenisse gestelt heeft? gewissselick neen, hy en geeft sijn ziele geen ruste voor hy alle de selve by den kop gevat ofte ymmers uytter stadt gejaeght heeft; hoe! staet ons anders te handelen met ons geestelijcke verraders?
One to whom the supreme command of some city is entrusted, if he comes to learn that there are eight or ten traitors within the city, would he be accustomed to set himself at ease when he has got hold of five or six of them and placed them in custody? Certainly not; he gives his soul no rest until he has seized all of them by the head or at any rate driven them out of the city. Well then! are we to deal otherwise with our spiritual traitors?
86(IL N'EST PAS LIBRE QUI TRAINE SON LICOL) proverbs, sayings, etc. (IL N'EST PAS LIBRE QUI TRAINE SON LICOL)Suggested relationships between this emblem and adages in Erasmus’ Adagia.
Erasmus glosses 'No one swims to shore with his baggage' as 'no one achieves freedom unless he despises the rewards of servitude' — exactly the emblem's point that one who still drags a part of his fetters (the Flesh) is not yet free, however loose he seems.
The adage's cluster of proverbial metaphors for servitude — 'mittere sub iugum', 'subducere collum iugo', 'excutere iugum' — matches the subscriptio's 'wien noch eenigh jock ontrent de leden hangt' and the Latin 'ne jactet libera colla', the harnessed draught-animal standing for the man not yet free of his bonds.
Erasmus' image of the animal that delivers itself back into chains parallels the emblem's horse whose trailing halter will cause it to be seized again and re-enslaved; Hesychius' variant 'the ox asks for his chains' uses the same draught-beast servitude imagery.
A powerful beast held and dragged about by a slender cord is the same conceit as the spirited horse (the Spirit) that remains a slave because a mere halter-rope still hangs from it; Erasmus likewise applies it to a great man bound in servitude by a trifling tie.
Record ID: embstma_1288_emblem123
This emblem on the Iconclass site: https://iconclass.org/view/embstma_1288_emblem123
Copy: University Library, Glasgow, Stirling Maxwell 1288