Jacob Cats, Spiegel (The Hague, 1632)

Qui se peigne peu souvent, A bien de peine en se peignentFrench
He who combs himself but seldom has much pain in combing himself.AI-generated
Inside an oval frame set in a rectangular border with corner ornaments, a young woman sits on a low rush-seated chair in a bedchamber, her very long loose hair falling over her shoulders and down past her waist. With her raised right hand she drags a comb through the tangled hair on the crown of her head, her face contorted with pain, mouth open and eyes rolled upward; her left hand is held at her breast. She wears a loose gown with wide slashed sleeves and a necklace; her slippers lie on the tiled floor. At the left stands another chair on which a framed looking-glass is propped, reflecting a grimacing face; behind it a broom or long-handled brush leans against the wall. At the right is a table covered with a fringed cloth bearing a flask, small bottles and a jar; behind the figure are a curtained bed and a wall with a door and a window. Below the oval hangs an empty scrolled banderole; small monogram marks appear in the lower corners.

Het vrou-mensch, dat sich kemt, spreeckt Mocht ick niet voor dit werk met goede redé schromé? Mijn hayr is gants verwert; hoe isser door te komé? Mijn hooft dat is gestelt gelijck een eensaem wout Dat niet en wort begaen, en noyt en is gebout. Och! had ick nae den eysch mijn vlechten onderhouwen, Soo gingt my heden wel, gelijck de nette vrouwen; Maer nu lijd' ick verdriet, om datter nimmer kam Bynaest van al het jaer my op het hooft en quam; Nu sitt' ick hier en klaegh, onseker wat te maecken, Onseker wat te doen, of wat te sullen raecken, Al waer ick ben geweest, of waer ick komen sal Daer steuyt het gladt yvoir, en hapert over-al; Nochtans het moeter deur. ick trecke door de vlechten, Want met een sachten kam en isset niet te rechten; 'tIs reden dat hy sucht, en groote pijne lijdt, Die noyt sijn hooft en kemt, of niet ter rechter tijt. Wel, ghy die mijn verdriet met oogen kunt bemercken, Leert uyt eens anders leet u eygen hooft bewercken; Kemt, kemt u menighmael, en niet het hayr alleen, Maer oock dat binnen schuylt, tot aen het innigh been: Kemt u verwrongen hert, en u verboste sinnen, En maeckt doch over al een reynen gront te winnen, Want hy, wiens hooft en hert eens wel gereddet zijn, Al kemt hy menighmael, hy kemt hem sonder pijn: Maer die het sondigh hayr laet wilt daer henen wassen, En weet sich nader-hant geen kamme toe te passen, Want al wat hy geraeckt, daer is een vuyle nest, Ghy, kemt dan alle daegh, dat is de leden best. Het landt dat moet gewis met distels over-wassen Daer niemant in en ploeght, of op en plach te passen: De mensch wort voor gewis verwoest in sijn gemoet Die over sijn bedrijf geen ondersoeck en doet.
The woman who is combing herself speaks: Might I not with good reason shrink from this work? My hair is entirely tangled; how is one to get through it? My head is like a lonely wood that is never walked through and was never cultivated. Oh! had I kept my braids in order as I should, it would go well with me today, like the neat women; but now I suffer misery, because almost all the year long no comb ever came upon my head. Now I sit here and lament, uncertain what to do, uncertain what to undertake or what to tackle; wherever I have been, or wherever I shall come, the smooth ivory sticks fast and catches everywhere; yet it must get through. I pull through the braids, for with a gentle comb it cannot be put right; it is reasonable that he should sigh and suffer great pain who never combs his head, or not at the right time. Well, you who can see my distress with your eyes, learn from another's hurt to tend your own head; comb, comb yourself many times, and not the hair alone, but also what lies hidden within, down to the inmost bone: comb your twisted heart and your wild senses, and see to it that everywhere you win clean ground; for he whose head and heart are once well set in order, though he comb often, combs himself without pain. But he who lets the sinful hair grow wild there, and afterwards knows no comb to apply to it—whatever he touches, there is a filthy nest. You then, comb every day; that is best for the limbs. The land must surely become overgrown with thistles where nobody ploughs or used to tend it: the man is surely laid waste in his mind who makes no examination of his conduct.
Lat. Intemperans æger crudelem facit medicum.
Lat. An intemperate patient makes a cruel physician.
Nederl. Korte reckeningen/ lange vrientschap.
Dutch. Short reckonings, long friendship.
Ital. Fin che mal è fresco, bisogna rimediarvi.
Italian. While the ill is fresh, one must remedy it.
Lat. Venienti occurrite morbo.
Lat. Meet the disease as it comes.
Chemins peu frequentez deviennent herbus. Franç.
Roads little travelled become grassy. French.
Que se peigne peu souvent A bien de peine en se peignant.
He who combs himself but seldom has much pain in combing himself.
Qui pectit rarò, se pectine pectit amaro. Lat.
He who combs himself rarely combs himself with a bitter comb. Lat.
Het vvaere goet dat een jder mensche (als hy des morgens sijn hooft kemt) even door het lichamelijck kemmen indachtich vverde mede alsdan sich invvendelick te suyveren, ende sijn herte als te kemmen van alle verdraeyde en vervvrongen invallen, die hy in sijn gemoet mochte gevvaer gevvorden zijn, vvant indien vvy ons selfs oordeelden, vvy en souden niet veroordeelt vvorden. 1. Cor. 11. 31. Ick schame my dickmaels mijnder, als ick lese hoe ernstich hier in eenige heydensche Philosophen gevveest zijn, die geduerighlijcken niet af en lieten haere leerlingen in te scherpen datse allen dagh haer selven hadden af te vragen, ende reeckeninge aen haer gemoet te eysschē vvat gebreck datse dien dagh in haer geheelt hadden? vvat quaet sy hadden tegen-gestaen? ende in vvat deel sy haer verbetert vonden?
It would be good that every person (when in the morning he combs his head) should, precisely through the bodily combing, be reminded also then to cleanse himself inwardly, and as it were to comb his heart of all distorted and twisted notions which he may have become aware of in his mind; for if we judged ourselves, we should not be condemned. 1 Cor. 11:31. I am often ashamed of myself when I read how earnest certain heathen philosophers have been in this matter, who never ceased to impress upon their pupils that every day they should question themselves and demand a reckoning of their conscience: what fault they had concealed in themselves that day? what evil they had resisted? and in what respect they found themselves improved?
Pythagoræorum more ( inquit Cato apud Ciceronem in Senectute) quid quoque die dixerim, audierim, egerim commemoro vesperi; Faciebat hoc quotidie, inquit, Sextius, ut consūmato die, cum se ad nocturnam quietem recepisset, interrogaret animum suum, quod hodie malum tuum sanasti? cui vitio obstitisti? quâ parte melior factus es? &c.
After the manner of the Pythagoreans (says Cato in Cicero's On Old Age) I recall in the evening what I have said, heard and done on each day; Sextius, he says, used to do this daily, that when the day was finished, and he had withdrawn to his night's rest, he would question his own mind: what evil of yours have you cured today? what vice have you resisted? in what respect have you become better? etc.
Vid. Senecam de Ira lib. 3. cap. 36.
See Seneca, On Anger, book 3, chapter 36.
Horat. 1. Serm. 3. ---- Denique teipsum Concute, num qua tibi vitiorum inseverit olim Natura, aut etiam consuetudo mala, namque Neglectis urenda filix innascitur agris.
Horace, Satires 1.3. — In short, shake yourself out, to see whether nature or perhaps bad habit has long since sown in you any seeds of vice; for in neglected fields there springs up bracken that must be burnt.
86(QUI SE PEIGNE PEU SOUVENT, A BIEN DE PEINE EN SE PEIGNENT) proverbs, sayings, etc. (QUI SE PEIGNE PEU SOUVENT, A BIEN DE PEINE EN SE PEIGNENT)Additional codes proposed for this emblem, not (yet) part of the indexing.
31A511 mirrorhighThe correlate 'mirror' matches the framed looking-glass propped on the chair at the left.
31A51111 reflection (in a mirror)mediumThe correlate 'reflection (in a mirror)' matches the grimacing face visible in the looking-glass.
31AA511 mirror - AA - (for) womenmediumThe correlate 'mirror - (for) women' fits the toilet mirror in a young woman's bedchamber beside her grooming implements.
42F32(...) (household) utensils and implements (with NAME)mediumThe correlate '(household) utensils and implements (with NAME)' covers the broom/long-handled brush leaning against the wall.
57A3 Conscience; 'Coscienza' (Ripa)mediumThe correlate 'Conscience' matches the commentary's central lesson of daily self-examination and demanding a reckoning of one's conscience.
11N1 Vice, Evil, Sin; 'Peccato' (Ripa)lowThe correlate 'Vice, Evil, Sin' loosely fits the commentary's warning about seeds of vice sown by nature or bad habit that must be rooted out.
Suggested relationships between this emblem and adages in Erasmus’ Adagia.
The emblem's Latin commentary 'Venienti occurrite morbo' is the exact Persius line quoted within Erasmus's essay on this adage ('Elleborum frustra... venienti occurrite morbo'), and the accompanying Italian motto 'Fin che mal è fresco, bisogna rimediarvi' restates the adage's lesson that an evil is removed with less trouble while still fresh.
The emblem's moral — hair (and vices) left untended all year can no longer be combed out without pain — matches this adage's point that vices ingrained from youth are extremely hard to straighten later, though there is no verbal borrowing.
The Dutch and Latin commentaries turn the combing into a daily Pythagorean self-examination ('comb your twisted heart... what vice have you resisted?'), the very practice of self-knowledge that Erasmus expounds under this adage.
Record ID: embstma_1288_emblem125
This emblem on the Iconclass site: https://iconclass.org/view/embstma_1288_emblem125
Copy: University Library, Glasgow, Stirling Maxwell 1288