Jacob Cats, Spiegel (The Hague, 1632)

Emblem 52

With the help of a withered flower, an old spinster warns a young woman that outward beauty does not last, but inward virtue does

With the help of a withered flower, an old spinster warns a young woman that outward beauty does not last, but inward virtue does
Engraving · click to enlarge

Ogni fiore al fin perde l'odoreItalian

Every flower in the end loses its scent.AI-generated

Description of the imageAI-generated

Within a large oval frame set in a rectangular border with ornamental corner pieces, two women stand in a formal garden. On the left an old woman, her head and shoulders covered by a hood, wearing a long gown with a big apron gathered up in front, leans slightly forward and holds out in her right hand a drooping, withered rose or spray of flowers toward her companion; her left hand is extended in a speaking gesture. On the right a young woman stands upright in rich dress: a wide-brimmed hat with tall feathers, curled hair, a lace ruff and lace-trimmed bodice, pearl necklace, puffed and slashed sleeves and a long embroidered skirt; in her lowered left hand she holds a fresh rose and she turns her face toward the old woman. Between and around them is a garden: a potted plant and a column with a sculpted finial at the left, tulips and other flowers growing in the bed at their feet, clipped hedges and a trellis behind, a fountain with a standing statue and a tall town house at the right, trees and a ruined wall at the left, and birds flying in the clouded sky. A scroll or banderole across the bottom of the oval carries the motto. Engraver's signatures appear at the lower left and lower right of the plate.

Subscriptio

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TranscriptionAI-generated

De oude Vrijster spreeckt. En wilt, ô jonge maegt, geen sinnen immer setten Noch op het vroegh gewas van teere violetten, Noch op het purper-root dat uytter aerden groeyt, Noch op het aerdigh wit dat aender heyden bloeyt, De bloemen, weerde kint, en al de schoone rosen Die hier in desen hoff, die op de velden blosen, Zijn al van weecke stof, zijn al van teeren aert, Sy gaen, eylaes! te niet hoewel men die bewaert: Een mist, een kleyne vorst, een rijp, een kouden regen, Het minste datter ruyst, 'tis al de bloemen tegen; Iae, soo de klare son maer eens te vinnigh schijnt Men siet, van stonden aen, dat hare glans verdwijnt. Maer neemt dat eenigh mensch het onweer kan beletten, Met schutsels over al ontrent het kruyt te setten, Noch wortet evenwel verwonnen van den tijt, Al isset ymant leet, al isset ymant spijt. Siet, vrijsters, altemael, siet alle jonge vrouwen, Siet watter op de jeught, of schoonheyt is te bouwen, De glans van u gesicht, de blos van uwen mont, Vergaet, verslenst, verdwijnt, en al in korten stont. Yet, ick en weet niet wat, dat kan u jonckheyt quellen, Dat kan u soet gelaet in vreemde bochten stellen, Dat kan in korten tijdt verslinden uwe jeught Hoe seer ghy even-staegh daer acht op nemen meught: Wat is van schoone verf? van alle moye dingen? De tijdt kan alle vlees en alle schepsels dwingen; Daer is een stil verderf dat ons in yder lit, Dat in het middel-punt van al de werelt sit, Dat eet geduerigh in, dat bijt door alle banden, Dat knaeght (men weet niet hoe) en al met stage tanden; Sluyt vry u beste kleet, des efter niet te min, Daer wast een vuyl gebroet, daer komen motten in. V schoonheyt, jonge maegt, hoe ghy die soeckt te decken, Verandert evenwel door onverwachte vlecken, Bewaertse soo ghy wilt, ach! naer een korten tijt Ghy blijft niet dieje waert, ghy waert niet dieje zijt. Ghy dan, souckt beter glans, die tijt en oude dagen, Geen hinder konnen doen, of wegh en konnen dragen; Vraeght yemant wat het zy, wel hoort, O soete jeught, Het is een reyne ziel, wiens lust is in de deught.

TranslationAI-generated

The old spinster speaks. Do not, O young maiden, ever set your mind either on the early growth of tender violets, nor on the purple-red that grows out of the earth, nor on the pretty white that blooms upon the heath. The flowers, dear child, and all the lovely roses that blush here in this garden and in the fields, are all of weak stuff, all of tender nature; they perish, alas, however much one preserves them. A mist, a slight frost, a hoar-frost, a cold rain, the least thing that stirs, is all against the flowers; indeed, if the bright sun shines only once too fiercely, one sees at once that their lustre fades. But suppose some person could keep off the bad weather by setting screens everywhere around the plants: still it is conquered by time, however much anyone regrets or resents it. See, maidens, all of you, see, all young women, see what is to be built upon youth or beauty: the brightness of your face, the blush of your mouth passes away, withers, vanishes, and all in a short while. Something — I know not what — can torment your youth, can set your sweet countenance into strange contortions, can in a short time devour your youth, however constantly you may watch over it. What is fine colouring worth? or all pretty things? Time can master all flesh and all creatures. There is a silent decay that sits in each of our limbs, that sits at the very centre of all the world, that eats steadily inward, that bites through all bonds, that gnaws (one knows not how) with ceaseless teeth; lock up your best garment if you like, nevertheless a foul brood grows there, moths get in. Your beauty, young maiden, however you seek to cover it, is nonetheless altered by unexpected blemishes; guard it as you will, ah! after a short time you will not remain what you were, you were not what you are. Seek then a better radiance, one to which time and old age can do no harm, nor carry away; and if anyone asks what it is, then hear, O sweet youth: it is a pure soul whose delight is in virtue.

CommentaryAI-generated

1 passages · original left, translation right (click to fold)

Seneca. Anceps forma bonum mortalibus, Exigui donum breve temporis Vt velox celeri pede laberis! Non sic vere novo prata decentia Æstatis calidæ dispoliat vapor, Sævit solstitio cum medio dies.

Ovid. trist. lib. 3. cap. 7. Ista decens facies longis vitiabitur annis, Rugaque in antiquâ fronte senilis erit: Injicietque manum formæ damnosa senectus, Quæ strepitum passu non faciente venit: Cumque aliquis dicet, fuit hæc formosa, dolebis, Et speculum mendax esse querere tuum.

Idem de art. 2. Forma bonum fragile est, quantumque accedit ad annos Fit minor, & spacio carpitur illa suo. Nec semper violæ, nec semper lilia florent, Et riget amissis spina relicta rosis.

Horat. ------ fugit retro Levis juventas, & decor, aridâ Pellente lascivos amores Canitie, facilemque somnum. Non semper idem floribus est honor Vernis, neque uno luna rubens nitet Vultu. ----

Hoogd. Das End aller freud ist leid. Die haut ist kein narr / wann sie alt wirdt so rumpfft sie sich.

Franç. Ce qui est meur, passe à la pouriture. Il n'y à si belle face Que le temps bien tost n'efface. Le temps se change en peu d'heure Tel rit le matin qui le soir pleure. Il n'y à si belle rose qui ne devient grate-cul.

Ital. Non fu mai si bella scarpa, che non diventasse una brutta ciavatta. Non è si buon cavallo che non diventi una rozza. Ogni cosa al suo fin vola. Ogni cosa mortal tiemp' interrumpe.

Nederl. Schoon root / haest doot. De netste schoen die wort een slof. Niemant en heeft hem seer te roemen/ Al staet sijn hof vol schoone bloemen/ Want dickwils op een koude nacht Soo wertet al te niet gebracht. Het velleken is wijs / het weet wanneer het rimpelen moet.

Bernarh. Bauhusius. Vitrea gemmula, fluxaque bullula, candida forma est, Nix, rosa, ros, ventus, fumus, & aura, nihil.

---- Festinat enim decurrere velox Flosculus, angustæ miseræque brevissima vitæ Portio ----

Camer. Embl. 68. cent. 1. Exigui donum breve temporis. Aspice quam subito marcet quod floruit ante Aspice quam subito quod stetit ante, cadat. Heu mihi quam fallax & breve forma bonum.

Salust. Jugurt. Præclara facies, magnæ divitiæ, ad hoc vis corporis, & alia hujusmodi omnia brevi dilabuntur.

Vnum nobis certissimum: Post generationem corruptio. En! fragile est quodcunque sumus. Vnde superbit homo, cujus conceptio culpa, Nasci poena, labor vita, necesse mori? Est forma morbi ac temporis ludibrium. Florem decoris singuli carpunt dies. Formæ decus vix vernuli instar flosculi est. Formosus est, exspectet paulum? & non erit. Quid his superbis febri quæ levi occidunt?

Ronsard. Bien fol est qui se fie en sa belle jeunesse, Qui si tost se derobbe, & si tost nous delaisse; La rose à la parfin devint un gratecu, Et tout avec le temps par le temps est vaincu.

Syrach. 7. 37. Quoy que tu dies ou que tu faces qu'il te souviene de ta fin, & tu ne pecheras point.

Syrach. 10. 13. D'ou vient que la terre & la poudre s'enorgueillit? veu que quand l'homme meurt il devient l'heritage des serpents, des bestes, & des vers.

Gravissimè apud Sophoclem Oedipus concionatur: O carissime fili AEgei, solus Deus immortalis est, & nunquam se nescit, aliæ verò res omnes suam habent senectam. nam & terra paulatim fit infirmior, & corpora humana formam & vires amittunt. Vid. Richter. axiom. hist. 14.

Ovid. 2. Art. Forma bonum fragile est, quantumque accedit ad annos Fit minor, & spacio carpitur ipsa suo. Nec semper violæ, nec semper lilia florent, Et riget amissâ spina relicta rosâ. Et tibi jam venient cani, formose, capilli, Iam venient rugæ, quæ tibi corpus arent.

Idem de Medicamine faciei. Et placidus rugis vultus aratus erit. Tempus erit, quo vos speculum vidisse pigebit, Et veniet rugis altera causa dolor.

Petronius. Quod solum formæ decus est, cecidere capilli, Vernantesque comas tristis abegit hyems. Nunc umbra nudata sua, jam tempora mœrent, Areaque attritis ridet adusta pilis. O fallax natura Deûm, quæ prima dedisti AEtatis nostræ gaudia, prima rapis.

Seneca Hipp. Anceps forma bonum mortalibus, Exigui donum breve temporis, Vt velox celeri pede laberis, Non sic prata vere novo decentia AEstatis calidæ dispoliat vapor, Sęvit solstitio cum medius dies, Et noctem brevibus præcipitat rotis: Languescunt folia lilia pallido, Et gratæ capiti deficiunt rosæ. Vt fulgor teneris qui radiat genis Momento rapitur, nullaque non dies Formosi spolium corporis abstulit. Res est forma fugax.

Idem Herc. Oed. Vt alta silvas forma vernantes alit, Quas nemore nudo primus investit tepor: At cum solutos extulit Boreas Notos, Et sæva totas bruma decussit comas, Deforme folijs adspicis truncis nemus: Sic nostra longum forma percurrens iter, Deperdit aliquid semper, & fulget minus, Malisque minus est: quidquid in nobis fuit Olim petitum cecidit, & partus labat, Materque multum rapuit ex illo mihi, AEtas citato senior eripuit gradu.

Nemesian. Ec. 4. Non hoc semper eris, perdunt & gramina flores, Perdit spina rosas, nec semper lilia candent, Nec longum tenet uva comas, nec populus umbras. Donum forma breve est, nec se tibi commodat omnis.

Propert. 2. 28. Nec forma æternum, aut cuiquam est fortuna perennis.

Cunctis ex qualitatibus, quæ mortali cum corpore fugiunt, nulla velocior quam forma, quæ mox ut amœnum flosculum ostenderit, ipsos inter oculos mirantium, atque laudantium evanescit: brevis hunc pruina perusserit, levis hunc aura decusserit, subito vel inimicæ manus ungue decerpitur, vel prætereuntis morbi calce deprimitur. Denique gloriare, & exulta, ut liber, venit ecce magnis passibus, quæ te velo tenui latentem detegat quanti sit forma vivi hominis mors ostendit, nec mors sola, sed senectus, & paucorum spacium annorum, imo vel unius lucis repentina febricula.

Postremo, ut nihil externum incidat, per sese stando durandoque consumitur, & in nihilum redit, neque tantum gaudij veniens tulit, quantum fugiens fert doloris: Hæc (ni fallor) expertus erat aliquando formosus ille romanus princeps Domitianus, qui amico scribens, scias, inquit, nec gratius quicquam decore, nec brevius, quamvis, etiamsi durabile perpetuumq; naturæ donum esset, non intelligo, quid tantopere expetendum habeat iste non solidus nec in ipso homine nisi superficie tenus fulgens decor, multaque fœda contegens, & horrenda, levissimæque cutis obtentu, sensibus blandiens, & illudens. Veris igitur ac mansuris bonis delectari convenit, non falsis, atque labentibus.

La conclusion soit la mesme des Proverbes de Salomon. cap. 31. 30. La grace trompe, & la beauté s'esvanouit; mais la femme qui craint l'Eternel, ce sera celle qui sera loueé.

Seneca: Beauty is a doubtful good for mortals, the brief gift of a short time — how swiftly you slip away with hurrying foot! Not so does the heat of burning summer strip the meadows that are lovely in the new spring, when the day rages at midsummer.

Ovid, Tristia 3.7: That comely face of yours will be marred by long years, and the wrinkle of age will be on your aged brow; ruinous old age will lay its hand upon your beauty, old age that comes with a step that makes no sound; and when someone says, 'She was beautiful,' you will grieve, and will complain that your mirror lies.

The same, Ars Amatoria 2: Beauty is a fragile good; the more it advances in years, the less it becomes, and it is consumed by its own passage. Violets do not always bloom, nor lilies always; and when the roses are gone the thorn is left stiff and bare.

Horace: ... light youth flees backward, and comeliness, as dry white hair drives away wanton loves and easy sleep. Not always have spring flowers the same glory, nor does the reddening moon shine with one face.

German: The end of all joy is sorrow. — The skin is no fool: when it grows old it wrinkles itself up.

French: What is ripe passes into rottenness. — There is no face so fair that time does not soon efface it. — Time changes in a short hour: he who laughs in the morning weeps in the evening. — There is no rose so fair but becomes a hip.

Italian: There was never a shoe so beautiful that it did not become an ugly slipper. — There is no horse so good that it does not become a nag. — Everything flies to its end. — Time breaks off every mortal thing.

Dutch: Fair and red, soon dead. — The neatest shoe becomes a slipper. — No one has much cause to boast though his garden stands full of fair flowers, for often on a cold night it is all brought to nothing. — The little skin is wise: it knows when it must wrinkle.

Bernard Bauhusius: Fair beauty is a glassy little gem and a fleeting bubble — snow, rose, dew, wind, smoke and breath, nothing.

... For the swift little flower hastens to run its course, the briefest portion of a narrow and wretched life ...

Camerarius, Emblems 68, century 1: 'The brief gift of a short time.' Behold how suddenly what flowered before withers; behold how suddenly what stood before falls. Alas for me, how deceptive and brief a good is beauty!

Sallust, Jugurtha: A splendid face, great riches, and besides these bodily strength, and all other such things, swiftly slip away.

One thing is most certain for us: after generation, corruption. Lo, whatever we are is fragile. Why is man proud, whose conception is guilt, whose birth is punishment, whose life is toil, who must die? Beauty is the plaything of disease and of time. Each single day plucks the flower of comeliness. The glory of beauty is scarcely as much as a little spring blossom. He is handsome — let him wait a little, and he will not be. Why are you proud of these things, which perish of a slight fever?

Ronsard: Truly a fool is he who trusts in his fair youth, which so soon steals away and so soon forsakes us; the rose in the end becomes a hip, and all with time is by time conquered.

Sirach 7:37 — Whatever you say or do, remember your end, and you will never sin.

Sirach 10:13 — Whence comes it that earth and dust are proud? seeing that when a man dies he becomes the inheritance of serpents, of beasts and of worms.

Most weightily does Oedipus discourse in Sophocles: O dearest son of Aegeus, God alone is immortal and never ceases to know himself; but all other things have their old age. For the earth too becomes gradually weaker, and human bodies lose their beauty and their strength. See Richter, Axiomata historica 14.

Ovid, Ars 2: Beauty is a fragile good; the more it advances in years the less it becomes, and it is consumed by its own passage. Violets do not always bloom, nor lilies always, and when the rose is lost the thorn is left stiff. And for you too, handsome one, grey hairs will come, and wrinkles will come that will plough your body.

The same, On Cosmetics for the Face: And the smooth face will be ploughed with wrinkles. There will be a time when it will irk you to have looked in the mirror, and grief will come as a second cause of wrinkles.

Petronius: The hair, which is the only glory of beauty, has fallen, and sad winter has driven away the springing locks. Now the temples mourn, stripped of their shade, and the scorched surface laughs with its hairs rubbed away. O deceitful nature of the gods, you who first gave the joys of our age are the first to snatch them away.

Seneca, Hippolytus: Beauty is a doubtful good for mortals, the brief gift of a short time — how swiftly you slip away with hurrying foot! Not so does the heat of burning summer strip the meadows lovely with new spring, when midday rages at the solstice and hurls night on with its short wheels. Lilies grow faint with pale leaf, and the roses that pleased the head fall away. As the brightness that shines on tender cheeks is snatched away in a moment, and no day passes but it has stolen the spoil of a beautiful body. Beauty is a fleeting thing.

The same, Hercules [Oetaeus] / Oedipus: As lofty beauty nourishes the greening woods, which the first warmth clothes when the grove was bare; but when Boreas has brought out the unloosed south winds and the cruel winter has shaken down all their tresses, you see the grove ugly with its branches stripped of leaves: so our beauty, running its long journey, always loses something and shines less, and is less by its ills; whatever in us was once sought after has fallen, and childbearing undermines it, and motherhood has snatched much of it from me; age, grown older, has carried it off with hurried step.

Nemesianus, Eclogue 4: You will not always be thus; the grasses too lose their flowers, the thorn loses its roses, nor do lilies always shine white, nor does the vine long keep its leaves, nor the poplar its shade. Beauty is a brief gift, nor does it wholly lend itself to you.

Propertius 2.28: Neither is beauty eternal, nor is anyone's fortune lasting.

Of all the qualities which flee away together with the mortal body, none is swifter than beauty, which, as soon as it has shown its pleasant little blossom, vanishes between the very eyes of those who admire and praise it: a brief frost will scorch it, a light breeze will shake it down; suddenly it is either plucked off by the nail of a hostile hand, or trodden down by the heel of a passing disease. In short, boast and exult, as you please: behold, with great strides there comes that which will uncover you hiding under your thin veil. Death shows how much the beauty of a living man is worth — and not death only, but old age, and the space of a few years, nay even a sudden little fever of a single day.

Finally, even though nothing external befalls it, by merely standing and lasting it consumes itself and returns to nothing, nor does it bring in coming as much joy as it brings of grief in going. This (unless I am mistaken) that handsome Roman prince Domitian had once experienced, who, writing to a friend, said: 'Know that nothing is more pleasing than beauty, and nothing briefer.' Yet, even if it were a durable and perpetual gift of nature, I do not understand what there is so greatly to be desired in that comeliness which is not solid, which in man himself shines only skin-deep, covering over much that is foul and horrible, and which, under the screen of a very thin skin, flatters and deludes the senses. It is fitting, therefore, to delight in true and abiding goods, not in false and slipping ones.

Let the conclusion be the same as that of the Proverbs of Solomon, ch. 31:30: Grace deceives and beauty vanishes away; but the woman who fears the Eternal, she it is who shall be praised.

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Record ID: embstma_1288_emblem052
This emblem on the Iconclass site: https://iconclass.org/view/embstma_1288_emblem052
Copy: University Library, Glasgow, Stirling Maxwell 1288