Jacob Cats, Spiegel (The Hague, 1632)

Van thien niet eenDutch
Of ten, not one.AI-generated
Within a square frame with decorative corner spandrels, a large oval medallion encloses a landscape. In the centre stands a big fruit tree (apple-like) with a thick, gnarled trunk and wide spreading, leafy branches bearing many round fruits; several fruits have fallen and lie scattered on the ground at its roots. Rays of sun stream in from the upper left behind the foliage; at the upper right a human face in the clouds blows a stream of wind toward the tree. To the left in the background is a village or town with gabled houses and a tall church spire, with a fence and path running along; to the right are a thatched cottage, trees, a small bridge and a pond with swimming ducks. Beneath the oval a ribbon banderole carries the motto.

Ghy die u inden thuyn by wijlen gaet vertreden, En wilt niet al den tijt in uwen lust besteden; Voedt niet alleen het oogh, of uwen gragen mont, Maer weet dat ghy oock hier de ziele voeden kondt. Ghy siet de boomen staen, ghy siet de boomen groeyen, Ghy sietse naederhant, ghy sietse lustigh bloeyen; Ghy siet, hoe dat de bloem ter aerden neder-sijgt, En hoe het bloeysel set, en teere vruchten krijgt: Maer siet een groot getal van dat begon te speenen, Is (ick en weet niet hoe) in korten stont verdweenen, Eer dat het leven komt, soo laet het leven aff, Het bloeyssel even selfs, het bloeyssel is het graff. Een deel van datter blijft lijt hinder van de wormen, Lijt hinder van de lucht, en van de felle stormen; Lijt hinder van de mist, of ander slimmer plaegh, Soo dat het groot getal vermindert alle daegh. Noch vintmen menigmael dat inde schoonste dagen Veel vruchten onder-gaen, met innigh vyer geslagen, Men vint veel schoon gewas dat inder haest verdwijnt, Oock als de gulde son met helle stralen schijnt. Men vint dat over al de spreeuwen, mussen, kraeyen, Oock met het beste freuyt, haer grage jongen paeyen, En dat een snoepers hant oock groene vruchten pluckt, Iae gantsche tacken breeckt en vande moeder ruckt. Men vint noch boven dat, men sietet jae gebeuren Dat van te groote last de jonge boomen scheuren: Geluck en ongeluck dat maeckt de tacken bloot· Soo vruchtbaer, weerde ziel, soo vruchtbaer is de doot. Maer waer toe dit geseyt? sal yemant mogen vragen, Om yet van dit verhael naer huys te mogen dragen, Het is een even-beelt van onsen broosen staet, En hoe het alle vlees hier in de werelt gaet. De Boom is 't aerdsche dal, de Vruchten zijn de menschen· De Son is harten-lust, en wat de lieden wenschen· De Wint is tegen-spoet, en wat de werelt plaegt, De Worrem stil verderff, dat ons geduerigh knaegt· De Mist is heete pest, en diergelijcke plagen, Die duysent man gelijck ter aerden konnen dragen· Den Snoeper, die het freuyt met harde klippels schent, Neemt dien voor oorlogs-volck, tot roof en bloet gewent. Gaet dit in u gemoet wat naeder over-leggen, Ghy sult ten vollen sien wat ick begon te seggen; Ghy sult uyt dit gepeys bevinden inder daet Als dat het alle vlees, gelijck de freuyten, gaet. Besiet hoe menigh kint, oock eer het is geboren, Blijft, ick en weet niet hoe, blijft inde bloem verloren, Blijft in de Moeder selfs, blijft in de swarte nacht, Eer dat het hier, eylaes! sijn moeder eens belacht. Hoe menigh aerdigh kint, in plaetse van te spelen, Gaet met een stille sucht geheele jaren quelen, En t'wijl het staet en treurt ontrent de voedsters schoot, Blijft, nae een langh verdriet, blijft inder haesten doot. Hoe menigh jongelingh wort van de doot vertreden, Schoon dat hy vrolick is, en van gesonde leden; Hoe menigh jonck gesel wert haestigh wech geruckt, Gelijckmen met gewelt onrijpe vruchten pluckt. Hoe menigh vruchtbaer wijf, in plaetse van te baren, Siet haer, en hare vrucht, in't duyster henen varen! Siet hoe sy, als een boom, van hare vruchten scheurt, Soo dat sy, en de vrucht te samen, wert betreurt. Maer dit is kleyn beslagh, en geensins harde slagen, Indien men went het oogh ontrent de groote plagen Die Godt by wijlen sent; ick segge, dieren tijt, En krijgh, en swarte pest, die kleyn noch groot en mijt: Ach! dan heeft eerst de doot haer pijlen uyt-geschoten, Dan ligt het gantsche lant met dooden over-goten, Met menschen over-deckt; soo dat de grootste man Geen doot-kist menigmael, geen graff bekomen kan. Wie heefter niet gehoort, als geenen tijt geleden, Van landen sonder volck, van uyt-geputte steden, Soo datter niet een mensch by wijlen over-bleef, Die, uyt een bleecken mont, een leste wille schreef? Ist dan (gelijck het is) met ons aldus gelegen, Soo moetet yder mensch geduerigh over-wegen; Wel let dan, mijn Gemoedt, op uwen lesten dagh, Op dat het onsen staet ten goede dienen magh· Stelt, stelt doch geensins uyt u feylen af te snijden, En wat het vleys gebiedt met alle vlijt te mijden, Tot dat ghy veertich telt, of anders vijftich jaer; Want siet! VAN TIEN NIET EEN en brengt sijn levé daer.
You who sometimes go walking in the garden, and do not wish to spend all your time in your pleasure: feed not the eye alone, nor your greedy mouth, but know that here too you can feed the soul. You see the trees standing, you see the trees growing; afterwards you see them, you see them blooming merrily; you see how the blossom sinks down to the earth, and how the blossom sets and gets tender fruits: but see, a great number of that which began to be weaned has (I know not how) vanished in a short while; before life comes, so it gives up life; the blossom itself, the blossom is the grave. A part of what remains suffers harm from the worms, suffers harm from the air and from the fierce storms; suffers harm from the mist, or some other worse plague, so that the great number diminishes every day. Moreover one often finds that in the fairest days many fruits perish, struck by inward fire; one finds much fair growth that quickly vanishes, even when the golden sun shines with bright rays. One finds that everywhere the starlings, sparrows, crows satisfy their greedy young with the best fruit too, and that a scrumper's hand also plucks the green fruits, yes breaks whole branches and tears them from the mother. One finds besides that, one even sees it happen, that from too great a load the young trees split: good luck and bad luck both strip the branches bare. So fruitful, worthy soul, so fruitful is death. But why is this said? someone may ask, in order to carry something of this tale home: it is an image of our frail condition, and of how it goes with all flesh here in the world. The Tree is the earthly vale, the Fruits are men; the Sun is heart's desire and what people wish for; the Wind is adversity and whatever plagues the world; the Worm is the silent decay that continually gnaws us; the Mist is burning pestilence and such plagues, which can lay a thousand men at once in the earth; the Scrumper, who damages the fruit with hard clubs — take him for soldiery, accustomed to plunder and blood. If you consider this a little more closely in your mind, you will fully see what I began to say; you will find from this meditation in fact that all flesh goes as the fruits do. Consider how many a child, even before it is born, remains — I know not how — lost in the blossom, remains in the mother herself, remains in the black night, before it ever here, alas, smiles at its mother. How many a pretty child, instead of playing, goes pining whole years with a silent sigh, and while it stands grieving near the nurse's lap, remains, after a long sorrow, remains suddenly dead. How many a youth is trampled by death, though he is merry and of healthy limbs; how many a young fellow is hastily snatched away, just as one plucks unripe fruits by force. How many a fruitful wife, instead of giving birth, sees herself and her fruit go off into the darkness! See how she, like a tree, tears open from her fruits, so that she and the fruit together are mourned. But this is a small matter, and by no means hard blows, if one turns the eye toward the great plagues that God sometimes sends; I mean dearth, and war, and the black pest, which spares neither small nor great. Ah! then death has first shot out her arrows, then the whole land lies flooded with the dead, covered over with people; so that the greatest man often can get no coffin, no grave. Who has not heard, as not long ago, of lands without people, of exhausted cities, so that sometimes not one person was left who, with pale lips, wrote a last will? If then (as it is) things stand thus with us, every man must continually weigh it; take heed then, my Soul, of your last day, that it may serve our condition for good. Do not, do not put off cutting away your faults, and shunning with all diligence what the flesh commands, until you count forty or else fifty years; for see! OF TEN NOT ONE brings his life that far.
De mis-stellinge inden druck, door af-wesen van den Autheur, en andere ongelegentheden veroorsaeckt, gelieve de verstandige leser selfs te verbeteren, ter tijt toe de selve by andere gelegentheyt mogen werden gesuyvert.
The misprints in the printing, caused by the absence of the Author and other inconveniences, may the judicious reader please correct himself, until such time as they may be cleaned up on another occasion.
86(VAN THIEN NIET EEN) proverbs, sayings, etc. (VAN THIEN NIET EEN)Additional codes proposed for this emblem, not (yet) part of the indexing.
47I41 fruit-tree culture; fruit harvestlowThe medallion's dominant motif is a laden apple-like fruit tree with fallen fruit, which loosely answers the correlate 'fruit-tree culture; fruit harvest', though no cultivation or harvesting activity is actually shown.
Suggested relationships between this emblem and adages in Erasmus’ Adagia.
Erasmus' essay on 'Man is but a bubble' enumerates exactly the emblem's catalogue of mortality — the perils of birth, the destitution of infancy, the fleetingness of youth — as proof that nothing is more fragile or empty than human life; Cats's tree of fallen blossom and unripe fruit ('the blossom is the grave'; 'of ten, not one' reaches old age) is the same commonplace in vegetable imagery.
Erasmus explicitly transfers 'too late to spare when the bottom is bare' to things of the mind: the young must not let their best years drift by and only turn to honest things when very little of life remains. This is precisely the emblem's conclusion — do not postpone cutting away your faults until forty or fifty, since 'of ten, not one' lives that long.
The subscriptio's long litany of untimely deaths — children lost in the womb, pining infants, youths 'plucked like unripe fruits' — matches the adage's topic of early death with surviving parents ('his life was too short').
Erasmus' essay draws on Pliny's catalogue of the perils of birth and the miseries of life, the same frame of reference as Cats's picture of blossoms that die before reaching life and children lost before they ever smile at their mother.
The adage warns, through the story of a vine whose owner never tasted its wine, that nothing hoped for is so sure that sudden chance cannot upset it — the same lesson Cats draws from fruit destroyed by wind, worm, mist and storm between blossom and harvest.
Record ID: embstma_1288_emblem127
This emblem on the Iconclass site: https://iconclass.org/view/embstma_1288_emblem127
Copy: University Library, Glasgow, Stirling Maxwell 1288